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Aerobic Workouts: Aerobic Repeats

Most runners think that speed work is a key to gaining fitness and being race ready. While it’s true that you need to do some race pace work (use that term rather than speed work) to race to your potential, you need to have done weeks and months of challenging aerobic workouts first. Aerobic repeats are done entirely below your anaerobic threshold, which is different than workouts such as 10 x 400m with 60 seconds of walking, where you are maxing out the aerobic metabolism plus dipping into the anaerobic metabolism. The aerobic repeat workout is entirely aerobic and it’s the type of workout you want to be doing regularly in the foundational phase of your training.

4 x 8 minutes with 3 minutes steady is the first aerobic repeat workout I use with athletes. Totaling 41 minutes of high level aerobic running, this is a challenging workout, so long as you run steady rather than easy for the 3-minute segment. Yes, it’s slower than the 8-minute segment, but don’t think of it as a full recovery. By the end of the 3 minutes you should be thinking, “I wish I had another minute at this pace.” Do a 10-minute warm-up and a 10-minute cool-down to get 61 minutes of total running.

What paces should you run? I have no idea. I have no idea what your fitness is, so I can’t tell you what paces you should be able to run for this workout. What I can tell you is if you run by feel you’ll be able to execute this workout on the second or third try. The keys to this workout are as follows.

First, you need to make the first 8-minute segment very conservative. Do that and you give yourself a great chance of running faster on the next three 8-minute repetitions. [Read more…]

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Aerobic Workouts: Fartlek

Fartlek workouts are one of the simplest aerobic workouts and can be used at the start of a block of training, with both young athletes and older athletes.

Fartlek is a Swedish term that means “speed-play.” You simply oscillate between two or more paces in your run. The simplest fartleks should be done in 5-minute blocks. So you can do 2 minutes “on” – a pace that is challenging, but one you could do for 15-20 minutes. Then do 3 minutes “steady” – a pace that is slower than the “on” pace, but faster than your easy run pace. That is a solid 5 minutes of running. Do 4 sets and you have 20 minutes of running; do 8 sets and you have 40 minutes of running. So you can complete a 10-minute warm-up and a 10-minute cool-down, then do 4-8 sets in the middle, giving you 40-60 minutes of running. Simple.

The common mistake with fartlek workouts is to go too fast during the on and too slow on the steady. So, run VERY easy during the first on segment, but keep the steady at an honest pace. Again, the on portions should be at a pace you can do for 15-20 minutes, so running just 2 minutes at this pace is not that challenging.

This workout is the antithesis of 10 x 400m with 60 seconds of walk/jog. In that workout you go super hard, then walk/jog; in this workout you run a challenging, but not hard pace during the on portion, then make the steady portion fast enough that the 5-minute block is challenging, but highly doable. [Read more…]

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Pool Walking for Runners

What follows is an excerpt from the Geek Out section of my book, Simple Marathon Training. Enjoy!

Pool Walking for Runners – Dr. Richard Hansen

Standing on the starting line of any race, it’s natural for runners to run down the checklist of, “How does my body feel, and will it do what I hope it can today?” Soreness is a natural and common occurrence with any training plan. It’s the response of our bodies trying to adapt to a new stimulus. When soreness lingers or the sensation turns to pain, it can inevitably raise concerns that the goal on race day is slip sliding away.

Reduce this fear by utilizing one of the easiest and most efficient recovery tools: pool walking. A pressure gradient is created the deeper your tissue is below the surface, which helps to prevent pooling of inflammation and move lymphatic fluid. For example, if you are standing at a depth of 4.5 feet of water, you are creating a pressure gradient equivalent to 77 mmHg at your calf (approximately 3.5 feet below the surface). This is over 2x greater than standard graduated athletic compression socks or sleeves (which are usually around 22-32 mmHg). Now, add walking to this equation and you create a joint pumping mechanism called imbibition to help mobilize the joint and further aid circulatory flow.

Additionally, pool walking can provide a valuable benefit in assisting muscle repair following a hard workout. Resting blood flow response in muscles has been shown to increase from 1.8ml/min/100g of tissue not in water compared to 4.1ml/min/100g in water. This means that pool walking is 225% more efficient at assisting oxygen supply to muscle tissue than walking on dry land, which is a crucial process for tissue repair.

Aqua therapy is also a commonly used rehabilitation practice for spinal cord injury patients due to a reduction in pain threshold noted when irritated tissue is submerged. Following intense bouts of running exercise, over-stimulus of the nervous system is a common occurrence. Having the ability to calm down the nervous system following intense or prolonged workouts can improve pain perception and decrease tissue sensitivity.

The challenge is finding time to get to the pool or finding access to a pool in your area. Try to pair pool walking days with workout days requiring gym equipment (e.g., squat racks, elliptical machines, free weights, etc.). This way the trip to the gym can be multi-faceted, saving you time and money. Keep yourself healthier by utilizing one of the most efficient and effective recovery tools available – the pool!

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